第二十单元 What do English people eat?

教法建议

抛砖引玉

单元双基学习目标

Ⅰ.词汇学习：
tonight,real,vegtable,potato,take-away,also,something,English,something,
different,takeaway,food,chips,pork,beef,pea,tomato,cabbage,fry,fried,sugar,salt,tea with,sugar,home cooking
Ⅱ.语法学习：学习比较级前的修饰语；掌握多音节形容词的比较级和最高级。
    careful-more careful,(the)most careful。
Ⅲ.交际英语：
    I have/I've no idea.
    It's my favourite.
    I'd like(Chinese tea).
    Could you pass me the salt,please?
    —In England,people eat fish and chips.
    —Oh,we don't.
    —In the U.S.A.,people eat a lot of beef.
—So do we.

指点迷津

单元重点词汇点拨

    1.tonight今晚
      Are you free tonight?你今晚有空吗?
      【点拨】该词也可作名词。汉语的“在今天晚上”译成英语时，前面不用介词。如：
last night昨晚。
      It's said that tonight's TV is very good.听说今晚的电视很好看。
    2.pork猪肉
      Would you like some more pork?再吃点猪肉吧。
      【点拨】该词为不可数句词。beef牛肉，fish鱼肉，chicken鸡肉。
    3.vegetabie蔬菜
      In this farm,there are many different kinds of vegetables.在这个农场，有许
多不同吕种的蔬菜。
      【点拨】该词为可数名词。
    4.potato土豆，马铃薯
      There are only a few potatoes left in my kitchen.我的厨房里只剩下几个土豆。
      【点拨】注意其复数+es。tomato“西红柿，番茄”，注意其复数也是+es.如：
      They got a good harvest of tomatoes.他们的西红柿获得了丰收。
    5.carrot胡萝卜
      I like carrots better than tomatoes.胡萝卜与番茄相比，我比较喜欢胡萝卜。
    6.take-away(可带走，携带的)熟食
      There are many Chinese take-aways in England and in the U.S.A.在美国和英国
有许多种可带走的中式熟食。
      【点拨】也可作形容词作“可带走的”讲。
    7.also也
      I also went.我也去。
      【点拨】also通常用于正式场合，紧靠动词。too也作“也”讲，常用于口语，放在
句末。also和too用在肯定句中。either“也”，用于否定句，必须放在句末。如：
      He likes football.She likes it too.他喜欢足球，她也是。
      He doesn't like football.She doesn't ,either.他不喜欢足球，她也不喜欢。
    8.fry油煎，油炸
      My mother fried an egg for my breakfast.我母亲煎了一个鸡蛋给我当早餐。
      Do you like fried fish?你喜欢吃油煎鱼吗?
      【点拨】可作形容词，注意fried是fry的过去式。
    9.sugar糖
      Please put some sugar into coffee.请在咖啡里加些糖。
      There are many kinds of sugars in the box.箱子里有许多种糖果。
      【点拨】sugar为“糖”的总称，是不可数名词。用复数时，表示多种多样的糖果。
    10.salt盐
      Man needs salt.人类需要盐。
      【点拨】该词为不可数名词，形容词是salty.如：
      The dish is too salty.这份菜太咸了。

单元词组思维运用

    1.like…best of all最喜欢
      I like pork best of all.在所有的肉中我最喜欢猪肉。
      1)like…best of all. 是比所有别的同类中“最喜欢”之意。它的语气比like…best(最喜欢)要强得多。如：
      I like playing football best.我最喜欢踢足球。
      2)best of all表示“所有之中最”。如：
      Bob,John and Mary read well but Bob reads best of all.鲍勃、约翰和玛丽都读得很好，但是鲍勃在他们之中读得最好。
    2.give…a ring给某人打一个电话
      I'll give you a ring if it is possible next week.下周有可能的话，我给你打电话。
      【提示】give…a ring=give…a call=make a telephone to sb. 在表示“给……打电话”的意思时，还可用ring (up),call(up)和phone，它们可以互换。
    3.a kind of某种，一种
      This is a kind of new bike.这是一种新自行车。
      I heard a kind of noise in the radio just now.刚才我听到收音机里有某种杂音。
      【提示】many kinds of很多种的，all kinds of各种各样的。如：
      Many kinds of vegetables grow in our garden.我们菜园里种着许多种蔬菜。
      I know this shop sells all kinds of shoes.我知道这家商店出售各种各样的鞋子。

学海导航

学法指要

单元句型思维明晰

    1.形容词后置的句型
      Let's give her something different to read.让我们给她读点别的东西。
      1)修饰something的形容词different不能放在前面，要放在后面。因为something是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词时应放在不定代词之后。如：
        Your sister has something important to tell you.你姐姐有重要的话告诉你。
      2)to eat是不定式作定语修饰something，修饰不定代词的不定式也只能后置。如：
        I have nothing to say for myself.我没有别的话为自己辩解。
    2.must be表示推测的句型
      Mun,it must be more delicious!妈妈，那个菜说不定更好吃!
      1)must be“想必是，一定是”。在这里是表示对现在或将来的情况进行推测。如：
        I saw him enter the house.He must be at home.我看见他进了这房子，他一定在屋里。
      2)must表示对现在的推测时，其否定形式不是用must not，而是用can't。如：
        He was late again.He must be lazy.他又迟到了，他肯定很懒。
        He went to town yesterday.He can't be in.The town is far away from our school.他昨天去城里了，他不会在这儿，城里离我们学校很远。

单元难点疑点释疑

    1.Mum,Chen Hui is comming tonight.妈，陈慧今晚要来。
      有一些动词的进行时可以表示将来时态，如come,go,start,take off,beging,leave等。
     此句中is coming=is going to come=will come。如：
      He is leaving Shanghai for Beijing.他将离沪抵京。
    2.You must help me do the cooking this afternoon.今天下午你得帮我做饭。
      1)help sb.do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，省掉了 do前面的动词不定式符号。如：
        Can you help me clean the bedroom?你能帮我打扫卧吗?
      2)help sb.with sth. help sb.(to)do sth.意思相同。只不过with后加名词、代词
或动名词。
        Come and help me with my English weekend,will you?周末来帮我学英语好吗?
        This dictionary can help us to find more idioms(习语).
    3.What about chicken? 那么鸡肉如何呢?
      注意：What+about+名词/动名词?表示“……好吗?”该型有时用how about来替代。如：
      1)邀约。
        What about going boating?去划船怎样?
      2)询问事情进行得怎么样。
        What about your exam?你的考试情况如何?
    4.something English?I know fish and chips.一些英国食品?我知道是炸鱼和土豆条。
      1)句中English指English food.
      2)fish and chips炸鱼和土豆条是一种西式菜，在西方在英国受到普遍欢迎。
    5.In England,the most popular food is fish and chips.在英国，最受欢迎的食品
是炸鱼和土豆条。
      注意：多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加more、most more分别构成比较级和最高级。如：important,the most important。
      另外，形容词最高级主要用于：
      1)当形容词在句中作表语且又不与其他的人或物相比较时。如：
        We are happiest on Sundays.我们星期天最快乐。
      2)当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二个形容词最高级前通常不用定冠词。如：
        Mike is the shortest and fattest boy in our class.迈克是我们班个子最矮、身体最胖的男孩。
      3)当形容词最高级前面有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时。如：
        Ms Read is our best teacher.瑞德夫人是我们最好的老师。
      4)当most+形容词构成最高级时，作“非常，十分”讲。如：
        This photo is most beautiful!这张照片多好看呀!
    6.But I think it's much nicer in a paper bag,in the open air!但我想把它放在纸袋里，在露天吃更有风味些!
      1)much,a little,even等词可放在比较级前起修饰作用，注意不用very修饰比较级。如：
        These songs are much more popular in the U.S.A.这些歌在美国更为流行。
      2)in the open air意为“在户外，在野外”。in the air在空中。如：
        The children like to play in the open air.孩子们喜欢在野外玩。
    7.Could you pass me the salt,please?你能递点盐给我吗?
      pass sb.sth.或pass sth.to sb.作“递给某人某东西”讲。sb.是间接宾语，sth.为直接宾语。
      Please pass a cup of white coffee to me.=Please pass me a cup of white coffee.请递给我一杯加牛奶的咖啡。

妙文赏析

Dear,These Are My Jeans

    After going on a diet,a woman felt really good about herself-especially when she was able to fit into a pair of jeans she had outgrown long ago.“Look,look!”She shouted while running downstairs to show her husband.“I can wear my old jeans again!”His husband looked at her for a long time,then said,“Honey,I love you,but these are my jeans.”
【译文】一个妇女在减肥一段时间后自我感觉特别好——特别是当她又能穿上很早以前就穿不上的牛仔裤时，她跑下楼冲她丈夫喊着：“快看，快看!我又能穿上以前的裤子了!”她丈夫看了她好一会儿，然后说：“亲爱的，我爱你，但那是我的裤子。”

Only Make It Have A Drink

    One day he attended a wedding.One of the guests not only ate a lot of the sweetmeats offered,but stuffed his pouch with them.When he saw what the guest was doing,he picked up a tea pot and quietly,from behind,poured some tea into the guest's pouch.When the guest discovered what he had done,he was not at all abashed but reproached him.“What's my pouch got to do with that you come and pour tea into it?”
    “I meant no harm,”was his defence.“When I saw how many sweets your pouch had tucked away,I was afraid it would get thirsty.That's why I gave it a drink.”
【译文】有一天，他参加了一个结婚宴会，有位客人不仅吃了许多糖果，而且还使劲往衣袋
里塞。当他看明白这位客人在干什么后，便拿起了一把茶壶，悄悄地从客人背后把茶往他衣
袋里倒。客人发觉后不但不觉得难为情，反而责骂说：“我的衣袋惹着你啦，你干嘛往里倒
茶?”“没什么恶意，”他回答道，“我看见你的衣袋吃了那么糖，不过让它喝点茶罢了。”

Thumb

    Whenever Tom behaves particularly well,his mother gives him the thumbs-up sign and says,“Good boy.”
    One day Tom's teacher asked him to explain the names of the fingers.He held up his thumb and blurted out,“Good boy!”
【译文】每当汤姆表现得特别好的时候，妈妈总要竖起大拇指，说一声：“乖孩子”。有一天，老师让他解释一下各个手指的名称，他竖起大拇指不假思索地脱口而出：“乖孩子”。

(4)

    One day,we had an English class.The teacher saw a boy reading a picture-book and said,“Tom ,what do you usually do after lunch?”
    Tom nervously(紧张地)got up from his seat,but he did not know what to answer.He thought for some time and than said,“Wait for supper.”
    The teacher was displeased(不高兴)and just at that moment,he saw another boy asleep.The teacher was getting a little angry now,but he was trying not to show it.Then he asked,“And you,Joke?”
    As Joke was asleep,of course,he could not hear what the teacher had said.His deskmate (同桌)woke him up.Joke stood up quickly and answered in a loud voice,“So Do I!”
【赏析】So do I!意思是“我也是如此!”从这篇文章我们可以看出，Tom和Joke两个学生都没有认真听课，所以才出了丑，答非所问。

思维体操

What am I?

  My first is in sorrow,but not in sad.
My second's in girl,but not in lad.
My third is in near,but not in far.
 My fourth is in tram,but not in car.
 My fifth is in sure,but not in slow.
My sixth is in reap,but not in sow.
                      My whole is the season of frost and snow.       谜底：winter。
你知道这些商标的英语单词吗?它的汉语是什么意思?
    1.乐百氏(饮料)    2.雪碧(饮料)    3.和路雪(雪糕)    4.美登高(雪糕)    5.口宝
(奶糖)    6.安琪儿(自行车)    7.西铁城(手表)    8.夏普(电器)    9.四通(打字机)    10.快克(药物)
【参考答案】
1.robust强健的    2.sprite精灵    3.walls墙    4.meadow gold牧场的金子    5.cow boy 牛仔    6.gngel天使    7.citizen公民    8.sharp敏锐的，锋利的    9.stone石头    10.uqick快速的

智能显示

心中有数

单元语法发散思维

谈谈比较级前的修饰语
    形容词和副词的比较级是中学生必须掌握的语法项目和高考必考内容之一。值得注意的是，有时要在比较级前面加一修饰语来确切地表达比较的程度。下面就谈谈这个问题：
    1.用much,many,a lot,a great deal,far(by far)等，表示“……得多”。如：
      Production is going up much faster now than before1976.现在的生产(速度)比1976年前的生产速度快得多。
      The students have bought many more books than they need.同学们购买的书比他们需要的多得多。
      注意：这里的much,many不可误用very,quite等。如：
      Jack is a lot taller than Lucy.杰克比露茜高出许多。
      This village is a great deal richer than that one.这个村子比那个村子富裕得多。
      They need far more money than we do.他们需要的钱比我们多得多。
      Tom is by far the cleverer of the two.汤姆是两人当中聪明得多的那一位。
      注意：用by far时应在比较级前加定冠词the。
    2.用a little,a bit,a few,slightly等表示“稍微”的意思，可译为“一些，一点”。如：
      Lesson Four is a little easier than Lesson Five.第四课比第五课稍微容易一
点。
      My room is a bit smaller than yours.我的房间比你的稍小一点。
      The general studied the maps a few more minutes(than usual).将军对地图多研究了几分钟。
      This kind of bicycle is slightly more expensive than that kind.这种自行车比那种稍贵些。
    3.用even,still,yet修饰比较级，表示某人已经达到了某种程度，但与之相比的东西人还要“更……”，汉语可译成“甚至……”，“更……”，“还要……”。如：
      This radio is even more expensive than that one.这台收音机比那台还要贵些。
      A train is still faster than a truck.火车比卡车要快些。
      That work is so easy,and this work is yet easier.那项工作那么容易做，而这
项工作甚至更容易些。
    4.用some或any修饰比较级，多用于more之前。some常用于肯定的陈述句以及表示建议或邀请的疑问句中，而any则常用于否定句或疑问句中。如：
      I'm too tired to talk any farther.我太累了，不能再往前走了。
      Are you feeling any better today?你今天感到好些了吗?
      Would you like some more?你还想要一点吗?
    5.用分数、百分数、倍数及有关时间、长度、质量等名词词组修饰比较级，表示比较的程度。如：
      He is one inch taller than I.他比我高一英寸。
      Our classroom is two feet wider than theirs.我们的教室比他们的宽两英尺。
      The tower is two times higher than the white building.这座塔比那幢白色建筑物高两倍。
    6.用no修饰比较级，表示“并不，毫不”的意思。如：
      I'm no beffer than you.我并不比你好。(此句言外之意是：I am as bad as you.)
    7.just(用于同级比较)表示“刚好，恰好，正好”。如：
      Tom is just as old as Jack.汤姆和杰克正好同岁。

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